Round steel refers to a solid strip of steel with a circular cross section.
Classified by Process:
Round steel is divided into three types: hot rolled, forged and cold drawn. The specifications of hot-rolled round steel are 5.5-250mm. Among them: 5.5-25 mm small round steel is mostly supplied in bundles of straight strips, which are often used as steel bars, bolts and various mechanical parts; round steel larger than 25 mm is mainly used for manufacturing mechanical parts and tube blanks of seamless steel pipes wait.
Classification by Chemical Composition:
Carbon steel can be divided into low carbon steel, medium carbon steel and high carbon steel according to chemical composition (that is, carbon content), all belong to high-quality carbon steel.
(1) Mild steel
Also known as mild steel, the carbon content is from 0.10% to 0.30%. Low carbon steel is easy to accept various processing such as forging, welding and cutting, and is often used to make chains, rivets, bolts, shafts, etc.
(2) Medium carbon steel
Carbon steel with a carbon content of 0.25% to 0.60%. There are killed steel, semi-killed steel, boiling steel and other products. In addition to carbon, it can also contain a small amount of manganese (0.70% to 1.20%). According to product quality, it is divided into ordinary carbon structural steel and high-quality carbon structural steel. Good thermal processing and cutting performance, poor welding performance. The strength and hardness are higher than low carbon steel, but the plasticity and toughness are lower than low carbon steel. Hot-rolled and cold-drawn materials can be used directly without heat treatment, or after heat treatment. Medium carbon steel after quenching and tempering has good comprehensive mechanical properties. The highest hardness that can be achieved is about HRC55 (HB538), and σb is 600-1100MPa. Therefore, in various uses of medium strength level, medium carbon steel is the most widely used. In addition to being used as building materials, it is also widely used in the manufacture of various mechanical parts.
(3) High carbon steel
Often called tool steel, the carbon content is from 0.60% to 1.70%, and it can be hardened and tempered. Hammers, crowbars, etc. are made of steel with a carbon content of 0.75%; cutting tools such as drills, taps, reamers, etc. are made of steel with a carbon content of 0.90% to 1.00%.
Material Grade of Round Steel: Q195, Q235, 10#, 20#, 35#, 45#, Q215, Q345, 12Cr1Mov, 15CrMo, 304, 316, 20Cr, 40Cr, 20CrMo, 35CrMo, 42CrMo, 40CrNiMo, GCr15, 65Mn, 50Mn , 50Cr, 3Cr2W8V, 20CrMnTi, 5CrMnMo, etc.
Standard of Round Steel: GB699-1988, GB700-1988, GB3077-1988, GB702-1986, QJ/HG02.17-1991.
Calculation formula for theoretical weight of round steel: Outer diameter Х Outer diameter Х0.00617=kg/m
Foe example: The carbon content of Q235B round steel is less than 1.35%, except for iron, carbon and impurities such as silicon, manganese, phosphorus and sulfur within the limit, it does not contain other alloying elements.
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